Did the Japanese submarines sink any big US warships?

Only a few. Japanese submarines are credited with sinking the aircraft carrier USS Wasp (CV-7), the escort carrier USS Liscome Bay (CVE-56) and the cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35). They were also credited with finishing off the already damaged carrier USS Yorktown (CV-5) and the damaged cruiser USS Juneau (CL-52). Some smaller types of ships, such as destroyers, were also sunk by Japanese submarines.

The battleship USS North Carolina (BB-55) was seriously damaged by the same spread of torpedoes that sank the Wasp.  The carrier USS Saratoga (CV-3) was damaged by the IJN submarine I-6 in January of 1942. Both ships were repaired and put back into service.

We did have other large ships lost or damaged by Japanese torpedoes, particularly early in the war. However, those torpedoes were fired from destroyers and cruisers, not submarines.